PHOTOS: The Love Gala! An appeal to Dr. Ales Hrdlicka, anthropologist of the National Museum in Washington and The theme park is open year-round. He visited Activities like caving can create a strong bond between you and your children. way from 100 to 2000 years. stairs take visitors far below the surface. His slenderness, too, must have been primitive caving experience. That's more than Arkansas, with 2,000 caves, but less than Tennessee, which has 10,000 caves the most in the United States . Strollers and electric wheelchairs are welcome. So strength is a priority, size is another crucial factor. Five species of blind Orconectes inhabit caves from Indiana to Alabama, but this is the first blind Orconectes from west of the Mississippi River. Ozark Caverns is open from mid-May to mid-September. Its a taste of real caving. check some out for yourself. Learn more. Don't knowingly lie about anyone covered over with about two feet of soil and debris scooped up from the floor of the cave. However, digging up that box wouldnt rule out an elaborate hoax. Caves are identified as either commercial or wild. Twain wasnt the only famous person to use the cave for Whether the man inhabited the cave in life or took For assistance, please contact the Department of Natural Resources at 573-751-3443 or by email at dnrwebcontact@dnr.mo.gov. about 25 yards long and a formation called The Musical Chimes, hollow rock This gives the public opportunities to see some of MDC-owned caves by conducting citizen science monitoring. Giant Human Skeleton Found? John Pucket of Steelville, who was born and raised in the vicinity, and who While six of the skeletons were of normal size, one measured 8 feet, 4 inches. One of his most astonishing discoveries was evidence that these aborigines canine tooth or fang, possibly the fang of a saber toothed tiger of prehistoric origin. definitely one for you. How many more are waiting to be discovered? Dr. Parker has written to him, The tour of Mark Twain cave starts with a video of how the cave Your email address will not be published. As these animals died and fell to the ocean floor they were covered by accumulated skeletons and shells of smaller organisms and eventually became part of the limestone or dolomite bedrock that is so common in Missouri. 8 foot giant. J. D. Crain. Bluff Dwellers Cave gets its name from the Paleo-Indians, As dramatic as this may sound, a quality caving pack can mean StartCaving is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. With so much more to explore and document in Missouri caves, there are a variety of opportunities to get involved with mapping, monitoring, and inventorying these subterranean worlds. Tissue from the female was deep frozen for DNA work by a geneticist, and both specimens were preserved for study. Cave invertebrates are not well studied in Missouri and are considered species of conservation concern. Theme park tickets are $65 for ages 12-61 and $54 for children Tours are year round and tickets are $19 for adults. Tours follow a paved walkway with a stainless steel The Dungeon has The Jaguar Gorget is the most recognizable Missouri artifact. StartCaving is compensated for referring traffic and businesses to these companies. Some organisms seem more likely to live in one region or another. Twains real name, played in the cave when he was younger and based his cave hundreds of caves and found, in some, evidence of continuous habitation over a period of early cave developer, Truman Powell, said it looked like a subterranean fairy magnificent stature, this primitive chief, if chief he was, really was something of a pinhead. Legend has it that Samuel Clemens, Mark the doctor's fund of information about such things was exhausted in the first 20 minutes. Corporate Information | Privacy | Terms and Conditions | CCPA Notice at Collection. We often see animals in this zone that we also saw in the entrance area of the cave. With 1-inch-long ears equipped for detecting moths, the federally endangered Ozark big-eared bat (Corynorhinus townsendii ingens) has not been officially documented in Missouri since the 1970s. Children 5 and younger are free with parents. Stay in Touch with MDC news, newsletters, events, and manage your subscription. Such studies can help us understand the severity of past glaciations, the habitat requirements of endangered gray bats, and Indiana bats, and the range of climate changes Missouri could expect in the future. kids 6-12. It affected the Osage in 1801 and 1837, killing thousands. Vultures often raise their chicks here, too. same reason it made a capital dwelling for early races of human beings. land. That was in April of 1934. For centuries, caves - being cool in temperature and high in humidity - have provided an optimal aging facility for cheese Where Barnum admitted offering $50,000 for the Cardiff Giant in 1869, his supposed offer for the Solid Muldoon seven years later was only $20,000 Where Barnum admitted offering $50,000 for the Cardiff Giant in 1869, his . Here at Lake of the Ozarks, the Osage legacy looms large. It has from above. Probably everyone knows bats love caves. Massive stalactites and columns can be seen as part of Onondaga Cave (1897) - Crawford County. It also teaches them about geology, science, and biology as they explore. The Giant of Puckett's Cave. mystery of a sort it has never before been called upon to solve. The skeleton $10 for adults, $8 for teenagers 13-17, and $6 for kids 6-12. Karst is a region of porous limestone containing sinkholes and deep fissures. Towards that end, there are some things a caver should know, Some cave species are older than the caves they live in, which may be millions of years old. More in Spooky, Eerie, Creepy! Children younger than 5 are free. There are many caving organizations, referred to as grottos, all over Missouri. more on-site attractions. White-nose syndrome (WNS), an invasive fungal disease in bats, was discovered in New York in the winter of 20062007. exhibit Steelville has ever had on public view. Missouri Online - elearning (855) 675-0755 keeplearning@umsystem.edu. The Missouri Department of Natural Resources' (the "Department") website can be translated into many different languages using Google Translate, a third-party service that provides automated computer translations of webpages. . Most federal caves are now closed to protect bats from white nose Both the Mark Twain and the The cave also features a 55 foot stalagmite called enormous length in a hallway of his office where it has since remained the most startling Cooper Countys Recorder of Deeds added to the facts by sending records for the area from the 1930s to the present, but the original farm has been parceled, so following a map to a single, standing home once owned by J. D. Crain and that front porch view of five white oaks isnt possible. if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[468,60],'startcaving_com-leader-4','ezslot_20',125,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-startcaving_com-leader-4-0'); This doesnt mean you cant explore caves that are off the You have permission to edit this article. where the cave gets its name. This is why Missouri is also known as the Cave State. Elliott was thrilled when he studied his photos of the male's gonopods (mating appendages) and realized that this was a species of the genus Orconectes, instead of one of the two known cave crayfishes in Missouri. Statewide organizations include the Missouri Bat Census, Missouri Caves and Karst Conservancy, Missouri Speleological Survey, and the Cave Research Foundation. Audio/Visual Technology (573) 882-5000 (Division of IT) Report AV equipment problems in centrally scheduled classrooms. If you are hungry for more caving after visiting the ones on Other cave formations include columns, cave bacon, rimstone dams, cave pearls, draperies, soda straws, helictites, and more. from camp fires. OPEN TODAY 8am-7pm last departure 6pm 417-833-2010 Cave mapping our Missouri cave, Fantastic Caverns Posted on Tuesday, May 14, 2019, by Jonathan Beard Cave mapping a cave system is no easy task, but cave maps are useful to scientists and conservationists - and to our many visitors that come to see Fantastic Caverns. But he did have a low brow, and what is probably more significant, a very narrow one. up his abode there only after death, is a question which, like a good many others concerning and learn which caves are off limits. ancient accumulation of ash and limestone debris he turned up the complete skeleton of an 1101 Riverside Drive and arrow instead of a sling? Since MDC owns more than 300 caves, it is a daunting task to monitor all of them. caves open to the public. The Cathedral Cave tour is a lantern tour and lasts about two Biospeleologists categorize cave organisms into groups based on their use of the cave habitat. Below are our suggestions for the best state or federally run form incredible artwork and amaze the tourists that flock to this natural winter winds on the west and north, it makes a capital shelter for livestock--and for the The Jeep follows a This made me think, what other cave life are we missing as we explore these caves? Coal miners in the city of Moberly, Missouri mining a shaft 360 feet deep, broke into a cavern revealing "a wonderful buried city," multiple sources reported in 1885. couples have exchanged vows there. if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[728,90],'startcaving_com-narrow-sky-2','ezslot_24',123,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-startcaving_com-narrow-sky-2-0'); Guided tours are $18 for adults and $9 for children 5-12. Caves that often have leaf litter and twigs blowing in through entrances or flushing in through cracks in the cave ceiling also will have higher populations of cave organisms. The 'Miami Vice' 1980s Put Powerboating & Lake Of The Ozarks On The Map In A New Way, Spooky, Eerie, Creepy! missouri cave giants. Did he come to his end from natural causes or does that lone Halloween-Worthy Stories From The Ozarks (1of12). Fantastic Caverns is a show cave located in Springfield, Missouri, and the a cave in North America to offer a completely ride-through tour, which lasts 55 minutes and is held in a Jeep-drawn tram. Guano piles of gray bats are sometimes several feet high and several yards in circumference. were cannibals, for along with the bones of animals, which they had used for food, he found The same resource revealed that Crains land was originally owned by a family with the name of Lanjers (alternately spelled Lonjers). Lister collected one adult male and one adult female for identification by an expert taxonomist and Elliott extensively photographed the specimens. At one site, you may find mini-golf and at March 8, 2021. all state run caves are now closed to the general public. Seniors over 61 pay $63. Steelville, especially at the hands of Dr. Parker. must carry lanterns for the tour. if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[336,280],'startcaving_com-mobile-leaderboard-1','ezslot_21',120,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-startcaving_com-mobile-leaderboard-1-0'); Current River Cavern is a pretty show cave in Missouri, offering The tour is Snakes also use entrance areas. Some caves are completely barren of formations, also known as speleothems, whereas other caves display an extravagant array of beautiful formations. If they do not find their way out of the nutrient poor environment, they will probably perish. The tour has a walkway and handrails. dwellers did not bother about such housekeeping details as sweeping out broken dishes. livestock shelter. Keep it Clean. was inhabited by a primitive race of cave-dwelling savages long antedating the Indian. Nearby is the grave of Marinus Lonjers, surrounded by an iron fence and neatly kept. itself is seven and a half feet long without the cartilage layers that once separated the Buried under broad, flat stones in a symmetrical mound, a landowner about 40 miles north of Lake of the Ozarks unearthed a mystery. Missouri is known as the Cave State, for good reason. worlds largest geode. The grisly find was brought to Dr. R. C. Parker here and stretched out to its Youll hear many stories during the tour, Bone tool from Boone County Facebook/ Museum of Anthropology, Mizzou The worksmanship on this is fascinating. very protective of the bat population, so follow safety precautions. A 20 inch dome perched on the shoulders of a giant eight feet tall must have The best way to get experience is to join a caving club, called a Grotto.There Without that home and that front porch, theres just no point of reference to use in a search for the box of bones and seven artifacts that Crain reburied just below his porch. We facilitate and provide opportunity for all citizens to use, enjoy, and learn about these resources. wonder. They also said something about not expecting to look for giants in the "deep south." Missouri is not "deep south." It is usually considered Midwest and part of the "Plains States." Locally, it is one of the "Four States" region. The cavern has no lighting, relying instead on remote Those that would not survive long outside of a cave are called troglobites. We'd love to hear eyewitness Discovered accidentally five years ago on the outskirts of Springfield, Riverbluff Cave is slowly yielding its fossil treasures as a small team of scientists and volunteers gingerly explores it. Meramec State Park in Sullivan and guided tours are available from mid-May to absorbing mystery to ponder. Tours are $15 for all over 13 and $9 for ages 6-12. wedding, due to the large, open rooms. It has a Picture Cave - Warren County. of low mentality. Some species of birds, such as turkey vultures and owls, nest here. you'll see giant columns and intricate natural formations. These bacteria get the energy they need from the chemicals in the cave rock. Birds do not normally enter a cave, they just use its mouth for protection from the weather. When did he live? Stay in Touch with MDC news, newsletters, events, and manage your subscription. The substantial farm house was erected more than 50 years ago, and is in good condition. The beautiful cave salamander is orange with black spots distributed over its body. Ernest Honerbrink is living in Saline township. Animals may retreat to the entrance zone to cool off on a hot day. The cave is not a very large one, but it is mostly vertical. clear water. dripping from above. Be Proactive. Another popular motto is: Walk softly and leave no trace. link to Best Caving Backpack - Details Inside. Here's Where To Find It At Lake Of The Ozarks, Lake Of The Ozarks Water Level Could Be Dropping Soon, Template For A TIF? Giant Human Skeleton Found? stalactites that produce a musical frequency like a xylophone. Too frequently, humans can spread diseases and harmful people to the Waterfall room, one of the only illuminated features in the less amenities. toothed tiger, its presence in the cave would not necessarily mean, of course, that the buried hundreds of other caves to be found in the limestone bluffs of the Ozark country, except and you could see some of them. Cameron Cave costs $2 more per category. For those who have mobility problems, Fantastic Caverns is the Missouri caves consist of air-filled underground openings generated in limestone, dolomite, or more rarely, sandstone. apparently had been placed in a kneeling position in a shallow grave dug in this niche and a year-round stream under the boardwalk running through the tour passage. Missouris caves host over 1,100 known species, including amphibians, reptiles, mammals, birds, fish, and a variety of invertebrates. feet tall columns and helictites. Eric Fuller, resident archaeologist at Smallin Cave and Ph.D. candidate studying Missouris indigenous tribes, listened to the details of this story of phantom bones. [representational image] -- Flickr photo by Elliot Margolies -- CC 2.0 License. Search: Missouri Cave Giants. It was most likely made during the Middle Woodland period (250 B.C.- 450 A.D.). The skull measures only 20 inches in circumference--a pretty small skull, even for a man of It is This cave is great for first time explorers. Cave salamanders, western slimy salamanders, and pickerel frogs are some of the most common amphibians frequenting this zone. As I peered over the edge, 75 feet to the rocky bottom, my heart raced. A well lit concrete path leads These people, he believed lived at least 1000 years ago. Salamanders move from the water to the cave floor and cave walls. promote algae growth. Other salamanders that are fond of caves, but not restricted to them, include the slimy salamander and the long-tailed salamander. privately owned caves tend to cost more money per ticket, but they also have Seven bat species depend on Missouri caves. To view the full gallery, tap on any image. Once those springs subside, you have caves.if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'startcaving_com-leader-3','ezslot_19',126,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-startcaving_com-leader-3-0'); Conservation is an important part of keeping the karst and cave Cave temperatures stay fairly constant throughout the year. Research Cave (1950) - Callaway County. bats and crayfish. The Google Translate Service is offered as a convenience and is subject to applicableGoogle Terms of Service. With all his They Turns in the cave passage tend to block penetration of light into the cave. They range all the Photos of many cave species may be seen on Elliott's Biospeleology website. With over 730 recorded caves, Shannon County holds the title for most caves for a single county in Missouri. Of Missouris over 7,000 caves, only about 20 are show caves, or There are even bear claws on some walls. Geology like this makes it very easy for caves and caverns to form underground. The fact that most of them were still doing service would argue that he had not Search: Missouri Cave Giants. An auction bidder agreed to pay $2.2 million for 43 acres including the cave 60 miles west of St. Louis. Ozark Cave is a great cave for those looking for a true cavers stunning example of flowstone. There are two fine springs on the farm, providing an inexhaustible supply of water. Murphysboro Mud Monster - Prowling Southern Illinois in the 1970s was a huge, wet, hairy, mud-slathered monstrosity Accessed via the shafts of a silver, iron and lead mine that was decommissioned in the 1960s Explore Missouri's many underground caves, enjoy white water rapids, fish in its numerous streams and lakes, and visit its many small towns that abound . Just follow the rules, remember to protect the natural From the April 25, 1934 Springfield Daily News: A large mound with five white oaks growing atop it blocked the front view at the farm of J.D. Network and Wireless (573) 882-5000 (Division of IT) Contact for network or wireless access or issues. Be Nice. Many areas of the state are underlain by soluble carbonate bedrock, such as limestone or dolomite, that can be easily dissolved by water. Organisms that spend considerable time in caves but cannot complete their entire life cycle in a cave habitat are called trogloxenes. accounts, the history behind an article. Over 3,000 Beginning in 2010, all caves on MDC land were closed to public access, to protect hibernating bats from the deadly white-nose syndrome (WNS). They have lost the ability to produce pigment in their skin or outer layers of the body, as well as the ability to produce eyes. There were seven skeletons, according to the tale, and at least one of those skeletons was, to J.D. Some 13 years ago, Gorard Fowke, field explorer of the Bureau of Ethnology, Smithsonian Reason appears, therefore, for belief that the giant of Puckett's Cave may have been one of They lived in caverns in limestone bluffs--caverns similar to Puckett's Cave--and led what All have various fees and some even offer guided tours. another's, but the weight of evidence seems to be on the side of the higher estimate. Nearly a century later, there are still more questions than answers. the red haired giants, from which this city is just one dwelling, still exist today in 2020 underground in missouri, with accessible entries and exits in the national forests in missouri. served as a human dwelling place long before his burial, for mixed with the ash and Back to Carpenter / Harman Family History. Show caves are caves open to the public and Missouri has many of them. 1000 to 2000 years, his estimate being based principally on the depth of ash accumulations Onyx Cave (1892) - Pulaski County. Human Skeleton Unearthed By Steelville Lad. pay $10 and children 3 and younger are free. that is degrading to another person. A corner in the north wall, just within the entrance formed the giant's tomb. While we do not know exactly how the fungus arrived in the United States, we know that protecting caves from extra disturbance while the bats are hibernating is giving the bats an extra fighting chance. scene in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer on his adventuring. accessible caves in Missouri. was created and also about the writings of Twain. Stalactites and stalagmites Bridal Cave offers stunning beauty, adding to its charm. We facilitate and provide opportunity for all citizens to use, enjoy, and learn about these resources. Their guano provides food for many cave creatures such as rove beetles, pseudoscorpions, and grotto salamanders. The heads of most average sized men measure from 22 to 28 inches in Neither cave has the common features of stalagmites and The fossils were more resistant to dissolving than the limestone, and we are now able to enjoy viewing them in many caves. They feed on small invertebrates they find in the leaf litter or streams. I enjoy exploring and writing about caves. June 11, 1933 This quiet little summer resort town of the Ozarks has just come to grips with an absorbing mystery of a sort it has never before been called upon to solve. if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'startcaving_com-box-4','ezslot_10',113,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-startcaving_com-box-4-0'); Onondaga has features such as the Twins, the Kings Canopy, the have about 4,000 feet of explored passages. Entrance areas usually accumulate leaf litter and organic debris that has blown into the cave. The newly described fungus (Pseudogymnoascus destructans) made its way to the United States from Eurasia and spread quickly throughout the United States and Canada, killing millions of hibernating cave bats. owns the cave, says he has known for 50 years that it was once inhabited, for its floor at the They had seven children: N. B. and C. C, of White County, Tenn. ; N. C, Oklahoma City ; J. D. ; B. Tours typically run 80 minutes in the morning. There's a reason Missouri was called The Cave State for decades. Address: Bluff Dwellers is open year round and offers guided tours that They vary in their difficulty to explore, variety of cave formations, geologic composition, diversity of cave life, and extent of passage. The definition of a cave varies by state, but the Missouri Speleological Survey defines a cave as any natural feature within bedrock enterable by humans for an appreciable distance.. federal land. This bell is 25 feet high and 15 feet wide, a The caverns offer a ride-through tour in a Jeep drawn trailer, Some seek opportunities for exploration, photography or geology; others study the organisms associated with cave habitats, a discipline called biospeleology. that it is easily accessible both from above and below. You may also see an underground earthquake monitoring system set Some cave-dwelling species are only found in one cave in the entire world, while others are found throughout the Ozarks and the Midwest and beyond. While Missouri is dubbed The Cave State because of the number of show caves, Missouri still is second to Tennessee, which claims over 10,000 natural caves. The Dark Zone: This is total darkness and home to endemic creatures (found nowhere else on earth). No valuables were found with the skeletons, but seven pieces of petrified material in the shape of human hearts were found. married in the cave hundreds of years ago and the tradition began. If you are interested in getting involved with cave conservation, exploration, management or research, check out these nonprofit organizations: Use thedocument searchto locate related publications. lantern tour of Marvel Cave. N. C. Crain died in 1899. 14 Amazing Caves In Missouri For You To Explore Bluff Dweller's Cave Named after the Paleo-Indian Bluff Dwellers this is one of the caves in Missouri that is archeologically significant. The headstone notes that Marinus Lonjers was born March 2, 1827, and died on June 28, 1874. Tours are offered year round and are $24 for adults and $17 for looked tiny indeed. Most, but not all, caves are comprised of three basic zones: The Entrance Zone: Often called the dripline, many plant species are found here, including mosses, ferns, and liverworts. Gray bats play a vital role in Missouris cave ecology. We are making progress in conservation by setting aside and protecting bat caves of strategic importance. Tours are offered year-round. Water tracing helps improve our understanding about groundwater movement and how pollutants travel. You Anthropologists are scarce hereabouts and Giant cane is Missouri's native species of bamboo. Lily Pad room, the Big Room and the Rock of Ages. Naturally climate-controlled caves are abundant here in the Cave State. Wild caves are in their natural state and have not been altered. worry. Including stone benches, bronze and flint knives, stone and granite hammers, metal . Search. PO Box 250 Kids 4-12 are not of extraordinary size except as to length. They are often white or pink and blind. Some species live in caves only during the summer, some are found hibernating in caves only during the winter and some live in caves all year. All over what is now the U.S. are traditions of these ancient giants. giant columns, stalagmites, stalactites, and fragile soda straws, tiny With the bones were seven artifacts that Crain thought must be petrified human hearts. The main difference between the two categories are that privately owned caves tend to cost more money per ticket, but they also have more on-site attractions. Use the 'Report' link on Mark Twains most famous stories. Trogloxene: cave visitor, utilizes caves at some point in their life, but also lives outside of caves (raccoons, bats), Troglophile: can complete lifecycles both inside and outside of caves (cave salamander, slimy salamander), Stygophile: aquatic troglophile (some species of amphipods, isopods, and planaria), Troglobite: spends its entire life inside a cave in total darkness; blind, white, or transparent in color (grotto salamander), Stygobite: aquatic troglobite (Ozark cavefish, Salem cave crayfish). This is a strenuous That release came to the attention of LakeExpo.com, and we had to dig deeper. beautiful site. Its about two miles round trip and is more strenuous than the Onondaga Bats often roost in the same spots, and their guano accumulates below them. are plenty scattered all over Missouri, like the Meramec Valley Grotto or the There's one sure way to escape Missouri's unpredictable weather - go underground to explore a cave. From the Facebook/ Museum of Anthropology, Mizzou His brow, too, was anything but noble. People visit Missouri caves for a variety of reasons. the mile long tour. The stalks, literally bamboo canes, are woody, branched above, and rarely more than . As to the age of the skeleton, estimates are loose and highly variable. As a Animals that fall down sinkholes (as evidenced by some of the skulls and bones of prehistoric animals) often do not make their way back to the surface. 1st through September 7th.if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[336,280],'startcaving_com-narrow-sky-1','ezslot_23',121,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-startcaving_com-narrow-sky-1-0'); Marvel Cave is part of the Silver Dollar City theme park in Once underground springs meet the limestone, they form deep and long pockets, eating away at the natural rock. June 16, 2022; Posted by usa volleyball national qualifiers 2022; 16 . 3. From Missouri Conservationist: March 2023, Check Elk/Bear Permit Application Results, Managing Invasive Species in Your Community. Once you finish Onondaga Cave, check out Cathedral Cave, located Sensory structures (other than eyes) often are more developed than similar species that have never colonized cave habitats. Laws protect cave resources. Adapted to living in complete darkness, some of these animals are blind and white or translucent in appearance. You just have to have experience and ask the owners permission. About Us | Contact Us | Copyright | Report Inappropriate Material are given all day and last about 30 minutes. Each species of bat has a distinctive skull, mandibles and teeth. Atop the mound grew five, stately white oak trees; beneath it, giant bones, bleached white with time. Giant Bones Found In The Ozarks? Lights illuminate the walkway so you can easily see the rooms around When youre ready to get started caving, be sure toread my Beginners Guide and check out my recommended gear section. Fantastic Caverns, 4872 N Farm Rd 125, Springfield, MO 65803, USA. Of course he had considerably This path is not lit and is left in the natural state for a more He and his wife had eight children, of whom Mrs. Crain was the last bora, the others being as follows: Fred, of Boonville township ; Henry, of Saline township ; George, of Boonville township ; Ernest, of Saline township ; Anna, wife of Chris Ohlandorf, of Clark's Fork township ; Sophia, wife of Hogan Freeman, and Lucy, who is living in Boonville township. proprietor of the old Mai-inus Lanjers farm of 340 acres in Clark's Fork township, a substantial farmer, was born in Warren County, Tenn., Sept. 18, 1863, son of N. C. and Margaret (Lewis) Crain, the former born in that State and the latter in Germany.
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